2　Human mental ability

　Human mental ability includes language, memory, feelings, thought, motivation, judgement and intelligence (adaptive ability), which collectively are called “mental expression”. These activities are generally created by brain.
　When one takes a look at each part of the brain, the prefrontal cortex of the frontal lobe controls human brain activity, for example, purposefulness, planning, motivation and feelings, and aids with movement of the upper frontal lobe and language pronunciation near the temporal lobe. The parietal lobe controls sensory information and somatic sense runs along the border with the frontal lobe and controls the sensation in the skin, like touch and pain in internal organs etc. Furthermore, there is the taste sense on the border of the temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe deals with the function of sight.

Table 1　Division of roles of the brain cortex

Division：Frontal lobe, frontal association area,
Roles：Thought, purposefulness, planning, motivation, feelings, judgement and self-repression.
Division：Frontal lobe, movement association area
Roles：This area plans the start of movement and the procedure. The instruction of movement originates here.
Somatosensory area：This area controls the sense of touch and pain and deep sense.
Vertex area：This area integrates the information of judgement, understanding and sense.
Temporal lobe, auditory area：This area controls audio information.
Temporal association cortex：Knowledge, memory, language understanding.
Visual association area：Judgement and cognition of visual information.
Visual area：Reception of visual information.
Broca’s area：Expression of language：writing and speech
Wernicke’s area：Understanding of language：reading and listening.

花村嘉英（2018）「『ブルジョワ世界の終わりに』から見たゴーディマの意欲について」より translated by Yoshihisa Hanamura